The research, published in the US journal Psychological Science, found that women formed a negative view of their peers much quicker than men did.
The team from Emmanuel College in Boston asked male and female college students to rate their room-mates under different scenarios.
When asked to judge how they would rate their room-mates if they carried out a single fictional act of negative behaviour, after they had been otherwise completely trustworthy, women were far more likely to be critical of them.
Men, on the other hand, were much more tolerant.
Women were also more likely to switch to a new room-mate than men were.
The authors, led by associate professor of psychology Joyce Benenson, concluded that women were harsher on their peers because they expected more from their same-sex relationships than men did.
They wrote: "Women may simply weight negative information more heavily than men do, because negative information disrupts the establishment of intimacy, which serves a more important function in same-sex relationships for women than for men."
While the study did not take place in the workplace itself, it would appear to back up previous surveys that have found women prefer to work for a male boss.
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